Table of Contents

Human Resource Management System

A system is a group of interrelated parts acting together to accomplish organizational goals. HRM is a sub-system of an organizational system. HRM is viewed as a group of interrelated parts with a united purpose. Like other systems, the HRM system is composed of three basic elements viz., input, process, and output. it also has a feedback mechanism. HRM system operates and interacts with both internal and external environments.

1. Inputs of the HRM System

a. Objectives and strategics of the organization:

Every organization is goal-oriented. strategies are developed to achieve the stated goals. they provide a means for achieving some goals or producing some desired results. it also includes HR objectives and strategies.

b. Plans, policies, and procedures:

Other inputs for the HR system are plans, policies, and procedures of the organization. based on those inputs HR department sets its HR plans, policies, and procedures.

c. Organization structure:

It is a framework of the authority-responsibility relationship. it indicates how the organization’s activities are divided, organized, and coordinated. Based on it, the number and types of employees required are determined.

d. Communication and decision making:

good communication is highly essential for HR effectiveness. HR functions viz., acquisition, development, motivation, and maintenance all demand communication. Decision-making, on the other hand, is the process of identifying and choosing alternative courses of action. they also affect the HRM system.

e. Environmental and social obligations:

In the last couple of decades, public attention has been focused on the issues of the environment and the social responsibility of business. They work on input factors for designing and implementing HRM systems.

2. Processing of HRM System

these inputs received by the HRM system (discussed above) are processed together to bring the desired outputs.

inputs received by an HRM system are processed by (acquisition, development, motivation, and maintenance) four components of HRM.

a. Acquisition:

This component of processing (HRM) is composed of human resource planning, recruiting (both internal and external), and employee socialization. HR planning is a process by which an organization ensures that it has the right number of people, at the right post, at the right time which is cost-effective. Recruitment is a process to discover the possible sources of manpower to meet the requirements of the staffing plan. It also ensures the application of effective measures for attracting required applicants in adequate numbers to facilitate effective selection. Employee socialization is a process of adaptation that takes place as individual attempts to learn the values and norms of work roles.

b. Development:

This component of processing (HRM) is composed of employee training, management development, and career development. Employee training is a process of learning -a sequence of programmed behavior/activity. It is a learning experience. It seeks a relatively permanent change in an individual that will improve his/her ability to perform on the job. Management development is a systematic process of learning and growth by which managerial levels employees gain and apply knowledge, skills, and attitudes to manage work organization effectively. Career development provides a supply of talents and abilities demanded by the organization. The employees also gain from career development activities (i.e. higher and more challenging jobs and rewards).

c. Motivation:

This component of processing (HRM) is composed of job design, performance evaluation, rewards, job evaluation, compensation/benefits, and discipline. Job design motivates employees in several ways. Performance evaluation tries to establish a relationship/equity between employee effort (input) and rewards (output) employees get from doing the job. Job evaluation is the process of determining the relative worth/value of various jobs within the organization. Compensation refers to all the forms of pay/rewards going to employees arising from an individual’s employment in an organization. It can directly influence major elements like job satisfaction, acquisition, performance, and labor relations. Discipline tries to prepare a work condition in the organization where employees conduct themselves following the firm’s rules and standards of acceptable behavior.

d. Maintenance:

This component of processing (HRM) is composed of employee safety and health, and employee/labor relations. Employee safety refers to the protection of employees/workers from the danger of accidents. Occupational health tries to prepare the workplace which is free from unnecessary risks. It ensures that the conditions surrounding, the workplace are safe for employees’ physical and mental health. Employee/labor relation incorporates such factors as freedom of establishing employee association, collective bargaining, grievance/dispute handling, and cooperation between employers and employees.

3. Outputs of HRM System

They are also called dependent variables of the HRM system. They are the end results/outcomes of the HRM system that an organization wants to achieve.

In fact, the major outputs of the HRM system are productivity, quality of work-life, and readiness for change. The desired outputs of the HRM system are:

Higher levels of productivity,
Higher levels of quality of work-life,
Employees who are always ready to accept and boost organizational change (rather than resisting change),
Reasonable/optimum level of profit generation, goal achievement, and
The relatively higher level of employee job satisfaction.

4. Environments of HRM System

HRM system is also influenced by both the internal and external environment in which it operates.

(I) Internal environment:

these forces are internal to the organization and influence HR activities. They are within the control of an organization. Important internal elements are the strategy of the organization, organizational structure, and culture, labor unions, organizational activities, etc.

(ii) External environment:

it is outside the organization. So, it is not within the control of a single organization. It offers opportunities and threats to the HRM system. Some of the important components of the external environment of HRM are the physical environment, economic environment, socio-cultural environment, political/legal environment, technological environment, labor market/environment, trade union environment, global business environment, etc.

5. Feedback on the HRM System

It is the key to the system’s control. The feedback system measures the outputs of the HR process and feeds into the system to correct deviations and achieve the desired HR results.

Conclusion:

Based on the above discussion it can be said that if an HRM system is designed and implemented properly by managers in an organization it brings higher levels of productivity, QWL, and readiness for change and vice-versa.